In this post some usual Electrical Power System Problems and Solutions.
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Problem: Momentary Interruption
Description: Very short planned or accidental power loss
Duration: 0.5 cycles to 3 sec
Cause: Switching Operations attempting to isolate electrical problem and maintain power to your area
Effects:
- Equipment trips off
- Programming is lost
- Disk drive crashes
Solution:
UPS or standby power supply(SPS) for critical loads
Problem: Temporary Interruption/Long-term outage
Description: Planned or accidental total loss of power in a localized area of the service area
Duration: Temporary (3 sec- 1min), Long-term (over 1 min)
Causes:
- Equipment failure
- Contractors digging into underground conductor wires
- Vehicle hitting pole
- Storms
Effect: System shuts down
Solution: Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for critical loads
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Problem: Sag/Swell
Description: Brief reductions or increases in voltage
Duration: 0.5 cycles to 1 minute.
Sags or swell longer than 1 minute are called under voltages or over voltages
Cause:
- Major equipment startup or shut-down
- Short circuits (faults)
- Undersized electrical wiring
Effect:
- Memory loss
- Data errors
- Dim or bright lights
- shrinking display screens
- Equipment shutdown
Solution:
- Relocate equipment to different electrical circuit within facility
- Power conditioners or UPS Systems for Critical Loads
Problem: Surge
Description: Sudden change in voltage up to several thousand volts (also called impulse, spike,or transient)
Duration: < 1msec
Causes:
- Lightning
- Turning major equipment on or off
- Utility switching
Effect:
- Processing Errors
- Data loss
- Burned circuit boards
Solution: Install surge suppressor at main panel (best when used in combination with branch circuit surge suppressor)
Problem: Noise/Harmonic Distortion
Description: Continuous distortion of normal voltage
Duration: Steady State
Cause:
- Electromagnetic interference from appliances, machines, radio, and TV broadcasts
- Harmonic distortion from nonlinear loads (computers, lights)
Effect:
- Continuous distortion of normal voltage
- Random data errors
Solution:
- Use a noise filter designed for application (sometimes incorporated with surge suppressors)
- Power conditioner
Read Also: Lightning Arrester|ESE Lightning Arrester & Conventional Iightning Arrester
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