Primary and secondary cells|Cells and Batteries
Primary and secondary cells primary cells Some … Read more
electronics and communication
Cells and batteries|Electrochemical Cells
ONE OF THE MOST COMMON AND MOST VERSATILE SOURCES OF DC IS THE CELL. The term cell means … Read more
Bar-graph meters
A cheap, simple kind of meter can be made using a string of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or a liquid-crystal display … Read more
Pen recorders
A meter movement can be equipped with a marking device, usually a pen, to keep a graphic record of the … Read more
Light meters or illumination meter|Lux meter
Light meters Light intensity is measured by means of a light meter or illumination meter. it’s easy to … Read more
VU and decibel meters
In high-fidelity equipment, especially the more sophisticated amplifiers (“amps”), loudness meters are sometimes used. These are calibrated in decibels, a … Read more
Frequency counters
The measurement of energy used by your home is an application to which digital metering is well suited. It’s easier … Read more
Watt-hour meters- principle and operation
The utility company is not too interested in how much power you’re using with one appliance,or even how much power … Read more
Wattmeter -principle and working
The measurement of electrical power requires that voltage and current both be measured simultaneously. Remember that power is the product … Read more
FET and vacuum-tube voltmeters
It was mentioned that a good voltmeter will disturb the circuit under test as little as possible,and this requires that … Read more
Multimeter- Principle and operation
In the electronics lab, a common piece of test equipment is the multimeter, in which different kinds of meters are … Read more
Ohmmeter- basic principle and working
You know that the current through a circuit depends on the resistance. This principle can be used to manufacture a … Read more
Voltmeter- Principle and operation
Current is a flow of charge carriers. Voltage, or electromotive force (EMF), or potential difference, is the “pressure”that makes a … Read more
Ammeters|Current Measurement
Limitation of Galvnometer in Current Measurement Getting back to electromagnetic deflection, and the workings of the galvanometer, its evident that … Read more
Electrostatic deflection|Electroscope
Force due to Electric field|Electrostatic deflection Electric fields produce forces, just as do magnetic fields. You have probably … Read more