Microprocessor VS Microcontroller| Comparison Of Microprocessor And Microcontroller|Difference Between Microprocessor And Microcontroller

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What is a Microprocessor and Microcontroller?

The microprocessor is the heart of the computer system whereas the microcontroller is the heart of the embedded system.

What is Microprocessor?

A microprocessor is a computer processor where the data processing logic and control is included on a single integrated circuit, or a small number of integrated circuits.

The microprocessor contains the arithmetic, logic, and control circuitry required to perform the functions of a computer’s central processing unit.

The integrated circuit is capable of interpreting and executing program instructions and performing arithmetic operations.

The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock-driven, register-based, digital integrated circuit that accepts binary data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and
provides results (also in binary form) as output.

Microprocessors contain both combinational logic and sequential digital logic, and operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary number system.

Microprocessor Examples

Micropressor-examples — **Microprocessor examples**

Texas Instruments TMS 1000, Intel 4004, Motorola 800 (MC 800, AMD Ryzen

What is a Microcontroller?

A microcontroller (MCU for microcontroller unit) is a small computer on a single VLSI integrated circuit (IC) chip.

Read : 8051 Micro Controller Instruction set HERE

Read : Microcontroller|Types of microcontroller

A microcontroller contains one or more CPUs (processor cores) along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals.

Program memory in the form of ferroelectric RAM, NOR flash or OTP ROM is also often included on chip, as well as a small amount of RAM.

Microcontrollers are designed for embedded applications, in contrast to the microprocessors
used in personal computers or other general-purpose applications consisting of various discrete chips.

Microcontroller Examples

PIC 18F8720, Intel 8742, ATmega microcontrollers

Comparison of Microprocessor and Microcontroller

Difference between Microprocessor and Microcontroller

Microprocessor	Microcontroller
The microprocessor contains ALU, General purpose registers, stack pointer, program counter, clock timing circuit, interrupt circuit	The microcontroller contains the circuitry of microprocessor, and in addition it has built-in ROM, RAM, I/O Devices, Timers/Counters, etc.
It has many instructions to move data between memory and CPU	It has few instructions to move data between memory and CPU
Few bits handling instruction	It has many bit handling instructions
Less number of pins are multifunctional	More number of pins are multifunctional
The single memory map for data and code (program)	The separate memory map for data and code (program)
Access time for memory and IO are more	Less access time for built in memory and IO
The microprocessor-based system requires additional hardware	It requires less additional hardware
More flexible in the design point of view	Less flexible since the additional circuits which are residing inside the microcontroller are fixed for a particular microcontroller
A large number of instructions with flexible addressing modes	A limited number of instructions with few addressing modes